The growth mindset theory was established by the psychologist Carol Dweck, author of Mindset: The New Psychology of Success and coauthor of numerous research articles on growth mindset. In her writings, she asserts that a growth mindset is a belief that ability and intelligence can be developed. On the other hand, a fixed mindset is the belief that ability and intelligence cannot be changed. Some tendencies of a person with a growth mindset include learning from failure, embracing challenges, working hard, and learning from the successes of others. Characteristics of having a fixed mindset are being embarrassed by failure, avoiding challenges, a lack of persistence, and a need for achievement to appear smart or talented.
Research shows the positive effects of having a growth mindset. Check out the "Research" tab above to read the many studies suggesting that a growth mindset is correlated with higher achievement than a fixed mindset. However, this research is not meant to condemn those with a fixed mindset. Just as this theory proposes that ability is not fixed, many studies suggest that a growth mindset can be learned, even at a very young age. The children's books in the "Children's Literature" tab above can be used as tools to help teach children how to have a growth mindset. Click there to find out how.
Tendencies of people with a...
Growth mindset |
Fixed mindset |
Believes ability can be developed |
Believes ability cannot be developed |
Learns from failure |
Fears failure |
Embraces challenges |
Avoids challenges |
Persists |
Lacks persistence |
Learns from the success of others |
Jealous of the success of others |
Abigail Bates
The creation of this LibGuide serves as my Honors Project. I worked in conjunction with Dr. Colleen Boff and Dr. Tim Brackenbury.